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Water damage describes a large number of possible losses caused by water intruding where it will enable attack of a material or system by destructive processes such as rotting of wood, growth, rusting of steel, de-laminating of materials such as plywood, and many others. The damage may be imperceptibly slow and minor such as water spots that could eventually mar a surface, or it may be instantaneous and catastrophic such as flooding. However fast it occurs, water damage is a major contributor to loss of property. An insurance policy may or may not cover the costs associated with water damage and the process of water damage restoration. While a common cause of residential water damage is often the failure of a sump pump, many homeowner's insurance policies do not cover the associated costs without an addendum which adds to the monthly premium of the policy. Often the verbiage of this addendum is similar to "Sewer and Drain Coverage". Those individuals who are affected by wide scale flooding may have the ability to apply for government and FEMA grants through the Individual Assistance program.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Individual Disaster Assistance )〕 On a larger level, businesses, cities, and communities can apply to the FEMA Public Assistance program for funds to assist after a large flood. For example, the city of Fond du Lac Wisconsin received $1.2 million FEMA grant after flooding in June 2008. The program allows the city to purchase the water damaged properties, demolish the structures, and turn the properties into public green space.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= City to get $1.2 million FEMA grant )〕 == Causes == Water damage can originate by different sources such as a broken dishwasher hose, a washing machine overflow, a dishwasher leakage, broken/leaking pipes, and clogged toilets. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, 13.7% of all water used in the home today can be attributed to plumbing leaks.〔 http://www.epa.gov/watersense/our_water/water_use_today.html〕 On average that is approximately 10,000 gallons of water per year wasted by leaks for each US home. A tiny, 1/8-inch crack in a pipe can release up to 250 gallons of water a day.〔The University of Maine Corporate Extension – www.umext.maine.edu〕 With broken water pipes ranking second only to hurricanes in terms of both the number of homes damaged and the amount of claims (on average $50,000 per insurance claim〔A+ Auto and Home Insurance Plus – www.calcas.com〕) costs in the US,〔Insurance Corner – www.insurancecorner.com〕 it behooves homeowners to be judicious in protecting their homes against leaks. Experts suggest that homeowners inspect and replace worn pipe fittings and hose connections to all household appliances that use water at least once a year. This includes washing machines, dishwashers, kitchen sinks and bathroom lavatories, refrigerator icemakers, water softeners and humidifiers.〔Claims Magazine: August 2000 – www.claimsmag.com〕 A few US companies offer whole-house leak protection systems utilizing flow-based technologies (e.g. (FloLogic ) and (Leak Defense Systems )) and moisture sensor-based technologies (e.g. (WaterCop )). A number of insurance companies offer policy holders reduced rates for installing a whole-house leak protection system. As far as insurance coverage is concerned, most damage caused by bad weather is considered flood damage and normally is not covered under homeowners insurance. Coverage for bad weather would usually require flood insurance. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Water damage」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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